Fatty Acid Phytyl Ester Synthesis in Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis

Fatty acid phytyl ester synthesis in chloroplasts of Arabidopsis.

During stress or senescence, thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts are disintegrated, and chlorophyll and galactolipid are broken down, resulting in the accumulation of toxic intermediates, i.e., tetrapyrroles, free phytol, and free fatty acids. Chlorophyll degradation has been studied in detail, but the catabolic pathways for phytol and fatty acids remain unclear. A large proportion of phytol an...

Nitrogen deficiency in Arabidopsis affects galactolipid composition and gene expression and results in accumulation of fatty acid phytyl esters.

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plants because it represents a major constituent of numerous cellular compounds, including proteins, amino acids, nucleic acids and lipids. While N deprivation is known to have severe consequences for primary carbon metabolism, the effect on chloroplast lipid metabolism has not been analysed in higher plants. Nitrogen limitation in Arabidopsis led to a decr...

Comparison of geranylgeranyl and phytyl substituted methylquinols in the tocopherol synthesis of spinach chloroplasts.

A salvage pathway for phytol metabolism in Arabidopsis.

Chlorophyll is the most abundant photosynthetic pigment in higher plants. During senescence, chlorophyll is hydrolyzed, resulting in the release of free phytol and chlorophyllide. Although the degradation of chlorophyllide has been studied in depth, the metabolic fate of phytol in plants is less clear. Here, we provide evidence that phytol can be incorporated into chlorophyll, tocopherol, and l...

Bacillus sp. PS35 Lipase-Immobilization on Styrene-Divinyl Benzene Resin and Application in Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Synthesis

Background: Lipase is an enzyme with immense application potential. Ester synthesis by lipase catalysis in organic media is an area of key industrial relevance. Enzymatic preparations with traits that cater to the needs of this function are hence being intensely researched. Objective: The objectives of the study were to immobilize the lipase from Bacillus sp. PS35 by cross-linking and adsorpti...